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Global Effects of Mount Pinatubo
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Because they scatter and absorb incoming sunlight, aerosol particles exert a cooling effect on the Earth’s surface. The Pinatubo eruption increased aerosol optical depth in the stratosphere by a factor of 10 to 100 times normal levels measured prior to the eruption. (“Aerosol optical depth” is a measure of how much light airborne particles prevent from passing through a column of atmosphere.) Consequently, over the next 15 months, scientists measured a drop in the average global temperature of about 1 degree F (0.6 degrees C).
Global Effects of Mount Pinatubo
Radiative Climate Forcing by the Mount Pinatubo Eruption
Science • 5 Mar 1993
Abstract
Radiative flux anomalies derived from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) spaceborne Earth Radiation Budget Experiment were used to determine the volcanic radiative forcing that followed the eruption of Mount Pinatubo in June 1991. They are the first unambiguous, direct measurements of large-scale volcanic forcing. The volcanic aerosols caused a strong cooling effect immediately; the amount of cooling increased through September 1991 as shortwave forcing increased relative to the longwave forcing. The primary effects of the aerosols were a direct increase in albedo over mostly clear areas and both direct and indirect increases in the albedo of cloudy areas.
DOI: 10.1126/science.259.5100.1411
AAAS
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Comunque, adesso abbiamo una stima del bilancio radiativo della Terra grazie ai dati satellitari. Per adesso quello che assorbiamo dal Sole è superiore di quello che riemettiamo nello spazio. Vedremo se il trend cambierà o si invertirà anche solo per poco.
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