There is strong year-to-year (interannual) variability in
MJO activity, with long periods of strong activity followed by periods in which the oscillation is weak or absent. This interannual variability of the
MJO is partly linked to the
El Niño-Southern Oscillation (
ENSO) cycle.
In the Pacific, strong MJO activity is often observed 6 - 12 months prior to the onset of an El Niño episode, but is virtually absent during an
El Niño episode, while
MJO activity is typically greater during a La Niña episode. Globally, the interannual variability of the
MJO is most determined by atmospheric internal dynamics.
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