Aggiungo alcuni passaggi fondamentali presi dal Dipartimento di Meteorologia dell'Università di Reading editi da Andrew James Charlton:

http://www.met.rdg.ac.uk/phdtheses/T...roposphere.pdf

Although there is a large body of literature which suggests that the stratospheric state has an
impact on the troposphere, there is little agreement in the literature about the mechanism for this
link. Mechanisms proposed to explain the impact of the stratosphere on the troposphere can be
broadly divided into three categories.

1. Reflection of Tropospheric planetary waves in the Stratosphere
e2. Downward descent of critical lines from the stratosphere into the troposphere

soffermiamoci un attimo sul secondo per dovuta chiarezza.

A further mechanism by which the troposphere and stratosphere can interact is the bal
anced geostrophic and hydrostatic adjustment of the tropospheric flow to the stratospheric
PV distribution. This mechanism differs from those described above in that the balanced
geostrophic and hydrostatic adjustment described here would be effectively instantaneous.
A theory of the influence of the stratosphere and troposphere which invokes this mechanism
must also explain why the impact of large amplitude changes to the stratospheric flow in
the troposphere tends to occur some time after the peak of stratospheric event...

...The strong stratospheric jet can be regarded as
a positive PV anomaly in the polar lower stratosphere. This PV anomaly causes the polar
tropopause to rise. This results in vortex stretching in the polar region and a consequent
increase in positive vorticity over the pole and associated low pressure signal. Both Hartley
et al. (1998) and Black (2002) have shown that stratospheric PV anomalies could induce
differences to the tropospheric flow of similar order, using piecewise, quasi-geostrophic
PV inversion techniques.